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32 ХРИСТОФОР БУОНДЕЛЬМОНТИ

Одним из путешественников, посетивших Северные Спорады в начале Нового Времени, был Христофор Буондельмонти (род. 1380 - 1390) из Флоренции. В ту эпоху, на рубеже XIV-XV вв., итальянские города переживали расцвет, и их корабли бороздили греческие моря во всех направлениях, монополизировав всю торговлю на Востоке. Буондельмонти в 1420 году объездил острова Эгейского моря и оставил об этом рукопись, которая была обнаружена много позже. Его путешествие имело особое значение для греческих земель. Оно происходило в гибельные для греческой нации времена, когда Константинополь, столица Византии, стоял на краю пропасти, а провинция с тревогой следила за приближением катастрофы.

Острова Северные Спорады в ту пору находились под властью династии византийских императоров Палеологов, после того как они снова отвоевали его у венецианцев в 1276 году. Впрочем, византийское правление было очень слабым, и жители страдали от пиратских набегов каталонцев, венецианских авантюристов и турок. Им пришлось снова подправить и укрепить свои крепости, в которых они могли укрыться. Жители северо-запада Скопелоса даже покинули свое прибрежное селение Лутраки и перебрались во внутренние районы острова, которые не очень заметны с моря. Нужда заставляла многих островитян самим стать пиратами и грабить берега Эвбеи, Фессалии и острова Эгейского моря.

Вот в этом-то состоянии разброда и потерянности Буондельмонти и застал Северные Спорады. Оставленные им скупые сведения касаются трех крупных островов – Скопелоса, Скиафоса и Алониса, который он называет Дромосом. По Буондельмонти, этот остров получил имя Дромос от слова «путь», так как мимо него пролагают свой путь корабли, идущие с востока на запад. Пролив между Алонисом и Скопелосом также служил важнейшим путем для судов с юга на север. Жители Алониса условными знаками направляли корабли, идущие через пролив. Тем не менее, традиция именования этого острова как Дромос восходит к доисторическим временам. В средневековье мореходы перетолковали это имя по-своему, сочтя, что это название обязано своим происхождением их торговым путям.

От флорентийского путешественника мы узнаем еще, что Алонисос был весьма плодородным островом. На его карте видна крепость, как и на соседнем острове Кира-Панагия, называемом им Лимен, очевидно по его знаменитой гавани.

Буондельмонти упоминает также остров Святого Георгия (Аи Гиорги), вклинивающийся между Скопелосом и Алонисом, называя его островом Святого Ильи (Агиос Илиас). Впоследствии все путешественники также упоминают этот остров, издалека производящий впечатление высотой своей вершины. С этим местом связана одна легенда, бывшая очень распространенной среди тогдашних мореходов, даже итальянских, которую излагает Буондельмонти, и которую вы можете прочесть ниже. Есть сведения, что в прежние времена на этой вершине стоял византийский храм, а в XVII веке там была построена обитель Святого Георгия, и остров изменил название, хотя иностранные путешественники продолжали именовать его по-прежнему вплоть до XIX века.

О Скиафосе и Скопелосе Буондельмонти сообщает нам немногое. Среди прочего он упоминает властителя этих островов, задумавшего некогда налет на Эвбею, который не увенчался успехом, так как его товарищи оказались перебиты.

Цитируется отрывок по книге А. Самсона «Путешественники и географы»:

«73. О Дромосе

За этим островом следует еще один, называемый Дромос, то есть Cursus по-латыни, потому что на него постоянно ориентируются суда, плывущие с востока на запад. Жители острова часто различными знаками прокладывают кораблям их курс. Остров имеет в окружности около 30 миль и отличается плодородностью.

75. О Скиафосе и Скопелосе

Рядом есть еще два острова, Скиафос и Скопелос. Окружность первого 22 мили, а второго 12. Их властитель некогда напал на Эвбею, чтобы разграбить остров, но набег не удался, ибо, когда он высадился на сушу, жители Эвбеи пробрались на его корабли и захватили их, перебив всех остававшихся там.

76 Об острове Святого Ильи

Напротив этих островов возвышается утес, превышающий своей высотой все остальные. На его вершине есть небольшая церковь. Когда-то одному монаху, заснувшему там на открытом месте, охотившийся орел выклевал глаза. Охваченный страшной болью, монах воззвал к Богу. Явился ему тогда Святой Илья и при стечении народа вернул монаху зрение».

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  1. Deprecated: Function ereg() is deprecated in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-content/plugins/googleanalytics.php on line 266 Kylie Batt Says:
    Warning: mktime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 19 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 28 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 30 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 32 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 33 May 4th, 2010 at Warning: mktime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 19 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 28 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 30 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 32 Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'America/Chicago' for 'CDT/-5.0/DST' instead in /home/webprofile/v1.1/mamma-mia-island.com/blogs/blog-russian/wp-includes/functions.php on line 33 11:18 am

    Подтверждаю. Так бывает. Давайте обсудим этот вопрос. Здесь или в PM….

    Адвокат 1380 - 1390) из Флоренции. В ту эпоху, на рубеже XIV-XV вв…..

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