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Olive Oil

Greeks were the first ones who cultivated the olive tree in order to take its precious products: olives and olive oil. The olive tree came from Africa by initiative of Kekrops. According to Pausanias, the second cultivable olive tree has been planted at Academia of Plato, as it is mentioned in the play of Aristofanes “Nefeles”.

Solon (a famous legislator in Ancient Greece) has legally guaranteed the olive tree, which has been considered as a holy tree, but also the symbol of life, wisdom and prosperity. Therefore, according this law, olive trees were not only forbidden to be cut, but people was also prompted to plant new ones.

Homer named the olive oil “golden liquid”, and Hippocrates named it “great healer”.

During ancient times olive oil has been widely used for the healing of skin diseases, as a very good healing and antiseptic product for any kind of injury, burnings and gynecological diseases. More than 60 pharmaceutical uses of olive oil are mentioned in the “Index of Hippocrates”.

The use of olive oil in food protects human organism from heart diseases. Except olive oil, the leaves and the flowers of olive tree were also used for their therapeutic quality. People used the leaves and flowers of olive tree in order to make a herb tea which was used as collyrium, very good also for inflammations of the gums and for stomach ulcer.

The use of olive oil was wide in religion also. Ancient Greeks used olive oil during libations on altars, tombs and holy stones. The use of olive oil in the funeral ceremony during ancient times is maintained until today by Christian religion.

Olives were a basic food, especially when people were working in the fields, when traveling or during military expeditions. Olives are ideal for such a use, as they are easily carried, they can be maintained fresh for a long time and it is a food of high nutritiousness. Pits of olives have been found in archeological researches, a fact that proves that ancient Greeks used olives widely. There are many references about the varieties of olives by ancient writers.

Except of olive oil and olives, the wood of the olive tree has been used as firewood, in architecture, as binding elements in pillars, in agricultural tools, in the construction of wooden statues etc.

The time for the collection of olives is autumn, when farmers work hardly in the fields, just like their ancient forefathers, giving life to the fields while they joyfully collect the olives.

In Greek mythology the olive tree is an extremely useful tree for its writs and for its wood. It is a known myth that Athina (Pallas) offered an olive tree to the citizens of Athens – as a symbol of fruitfulness – in order to win Poseidon and be elected as the protector of the city, which for this reason has her name.

The olive tree suits harmonically to the temperament of the habitants as well as to the land, chiseled by the Mediterranean sunlight and the Aegean winds, being always a perpetual source for the Greek spirit and soul, a symbol of social and religious principles, a symbol of progress, peace, prosperity, wisdom and good reputation.

Plinios, a writer and physician, states that the first olive-press has been invented by Aristeos, son of Apollo. Plinios advised farmers to put aromatic plants in olive oil, which was used also as body-oil. It is noted that runners used to anoint their body with olive oil in order to reduce dehydration and prevent blows. There is documentation in Knossos, Thira, Skopelos, Mycines and almost in all Greek towns of high civilization, that the olive tree has been cultivated in ancient Greece as a fine food while its oil has been used as cosmetic.

Many olive-presses and barrels have been found in Greece, dated before historical time.

In Ancient Greece the oil taken from the first pressing of the olives was used in food, the second one was used to make body creams, and the third one was used for the lamps.

“Kalliagries” are old oil-presses, which on Skopelos during the first decades of 1900 were approximately twenty.

Today, Klima is the only village on Skopelos, where there is an old olive-press, which stopped its operation in March 1967. It is close to Glossa, on the south-west side of the island, facing Skiathos and Northern Euboea. It is worth to vist it and see the old olive-press (which is situated between the two villages) and taste food with domestic oil.

Tags: mama mia, mamma mia, mamma mia island, skopelos

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Olive Oil

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